Abstract

Lacto Verus is a next-generation intelligent system designed to ensure the authenticity, organicity, and traceability of dairy products using the integration of Blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. The system addresses critical challenges in the dairy supply chain, including adulteration, lack of transparency, and limited consumer trust. IoT-based sensors are utilized to monitor key quality parameters such as pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and turbidity in real time, enabling automated and accurate quality assessment. The collected data is securely stored in a cloud database, while cryptographic hashes are recorded on a blockchain ledger to ensure immutability and prevent data tampering. Each product batch is associated with a unique QR code, allowing consumers to instantly verify product authenticity and quality through a mobile application. Experimental evaluation demonstrates reliable sensor performance, successful data transmission, secure blockchain integration, and accurate identification of milk quality conditions, including fresh, adulterated, and spoiled samples. The system effectively distinguishes between normal and contaminated milk based on measured parameters, enhancing transparency and trust across the supply chain. LactoVerus provides a scalable, cost-effective, and user-centric solution for modern dairy quality assurance and traceability in both organized and unorganized sectors.

Graphical Abstract

Novelty Statement

This proposed system integrates IoT-based real-time milk quality sensing with blockchain-secured traceability and QR-based consumer verification across dairy supply chains.